Trends in epidemiology of Hepatitis B and C Infections in Ilam Province: National Notifiable Diseases Surveillance System data

Background Hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) infections are the main causes of severe liver failure worldwide. This study was conducted to evaluate the incidence rate and trend of these infections over six successive years from 2008 to 2013 in Ilam Province, western Iran. Methods We studied the registered data of HBV and HCV based on the National Notifiable Diseases Surveillance System in Ilam Province from 2008 to 2013. Incidence rate per 100,000 populations was estimated for HBV and HCV infections through location, years and age groups of patients. Results The overall incidence rate per 100,000 populations from 2008 to 2013 for HBV infection was 9.57, 5.83, 16.26, 12.44, 21.89 and 13.93, respectively. The corresponding values for HCV infection were 0.55, 0.72, 1.44, 2.69, 1.24 and 1.93, respectively and these trends for both the HBV and HCV infections were increasing. The major distribution of HBV and HCV infections was 25-44 years of age. Both HBV and HCV infections were more common in males, urban areas and married patients. Forty-one percent of cases were carriers and history of surgery was the common risk factor. Conclusions Our results showed that HBV and HCV are prevalent in the middle-age group. Despite effective vaccination against hepatitis B, optimized blood donor screening and better sterilization procedures for blood products, trend of HBV and HCV in Ilam are increasing. Further studies should address the role other risk factors in the trend of HBV and HCV.